常考词的语法与用法:care, careful

逍遥右脑  2017-06-15 18:49

◆care n. & v.

1. 用作名词,表示“注意”、“小心”、“关心”等,均为不可数名词。如:

You must do it with great care. 你必须十分小心地做它。

Care is needed when crossing the road. 过马路时要小心。

We should take good care of the children. 我们应该好好照看这些孩子。

2. 用作动词,注意以下用法:

(1) 后接不定式,表示“愿意”、“喜欢”、“想要”,通常用于否定句、疑问句或条件句等。如:

I don’t care to play basketball. 我不喜欢打篮球。

Would you care to go for a walk? 你想去散散步吗?

(2) 后接从句,表示“在乎”、“在意”等,多用于否定句或疑问句,偶尔也用于肯定句。如:

I don’t care what they say. I shall go on just the same. 我不在乎他们说什么,不管怎么说,我都会继续干下去。

I really care whether we win or lose. 我们是输是赢我真的很在乎。

3. 用于 care about

(1) 表示“在乎”、“介意”。如:

He does not care about his clothes. 他对穿衣服在乎。

The only thing he cares about is money. 他只在乎钱。

(2) 表示“对……感兴趣”。如:

I don’t care about it. 我对此不感兴趣。

He cared little about computers. 他对计算机没什么兴趣。

4. 用于 care for:

(1) 表示“喜欢”,通常用于否定句或疑问句。如:

Would you care for a drink? 你想喝一杯吗?

He doesn’t care much for music. 他不大喜欢音乐。

(2) 表示“照看”、“照顾”(可用于各种句型)。如:

He cared for his father all through his long illness. 他父亲在长期的生病期间由他照顾。

Who will care for him if his wife dies? 假若他妻子死了,谁来照顾他?

◆careful adj.

1. 后接介词 of 或 about, 表示“当心”、“留意”等。如:

Be careful of the dog; it sometimes bites people. 当心那条狗,它有时候咬人。

You must be careful of [about] your pronunciation. 你要注意你的发音。

注:be careful 后一般不接介词 for。如:

我希望你要多注意身体。

正:I hope you’ll be more careful of[about] your health.

误:I hope you’ll be more careful for your health.

2. 后接介词 with(其后多接名词)或 in(其后多接动名词),表示做某事时很小心或仔细。如:

He’s careful with [=in doing] his work. 他工作很仔细。

Be careful with the vase;it is valuable. 这花瓶很贵,小心点。

Be careful in dealing with such people. 和这种人打交道要小心。

3. 后接不定式。如:

Be careful not to drop it. 小心不要把它掉了。

You must be careful to avoid being caught. 你必须小心,不要被抓住。

比较:

He’s careful to read every sentence. 他注意读(即不漏读)每一个句子。

He’s careful in reading every sentence. 他读每个句子都很仔细。

4. 后接从句。如:

Be careful how you hold it. 小心拿好。

Do be careful what you say. 说话一定要小心。

Be careful that you don’t hurt her feelings(=Be careful

not to hurt her feelings). 当心别伤害她的感情。

注:后接 what 从句时,可用介词 of, about 等,但通常省略,但是若是接 that, how, when, where 等引导的从句,则一般不用介词;另外,从句谓语若指将来,通常要用一般现在时代替将来时( 见上例)。


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