逍遥右脑 2013-05-14 14:13
Unit 4 Sharing
核心单词
1. relevant
adj. 有关的；切题的
常用结构：
be relevant to= have sth. to do with 与……有关
The meeting is relevant to the matter in hand.
这次会议与正在进行的事情有密切关系。
In the exams, make sure that everything you write is relevant to the questions you have been asked.
在考试时一定要注意，你写的所有内容都要切合题意。
联想拓展
relevance n. 关联；相关性
have relevance to 与……有关
have no relevance to=have nothing to do with
与……无关
What you say has no relevance to the subject.
你所说的与主题无关。
高手过招
单项填空
Topics for compositions should be to the experiences and interests of the students. （2010•01•浙江宁波检测）
A. Concerned B. dependent
C. concerning D. Relevant
解析：选D。句意为：作的题目应与学生的经历和兴趣有关。be relevant to与……有关；而concerning 是介词，相当于about,后面不加to。
2. adjust
vt.&vi.调整；使适合
I usually adjust my watch before I go to work in the morning.
我通常早上上班前校准我的表。
常用结构：
adjust(sth.／oneself)(to sth.)使适应；适应
It seems that the newcomers have adjusted themselves in the schoo1.
新的同学看适应了学校生活。
He adjusted himself very quickly to the heat of the country.
他使自己很快适应了这个国家炎热的气候。
These desks and chairs can be adjusted to the height of any child.这些桌子和凳子能被调整到适合任何孩子的高度。
联想拓展
adjustment n. 调整；修正
adjustable adj. 可调节的；可调整的注意：该词作不及物动词时，意为“适应于”，后常跟介词to。
高手过招
(1)单项填空
①You can’t see things clearly through a telescope unless it is correctly to your sight. （2010•01•江西九江检测）
A. Adjusted B. Examined C. Checked D. tested
②You can this desk the height of any child. （2010•01•江西吉安检测）
A. adjust; to B. make; to C. suit; to D. remain; for
(2)翻译句子 （原创）
①他很快就适应了这种生活方式，从此幸福地生活着。
②许多新兵没能很快的适应军中生活，结果病倒了。
解析：(1)①选A。句意为：通过望远镜你看不清东西，除非你把它调好。adjust ...to 调整……以适应。
②选A。句意为: 你可以调节这张桌子以适应孩子的身高。 adjust sth. to sth.调整某物以适应某物。
(2)①He soon adjusted himself to the way of life and has lived happily ever since.
②Quite a few new soldiers could not adjust themselves to army life and fell ill.
3. participate
vi. 参加,参与；有关系
常用结构：
participate in参加,参与
Everyone in class is expected to participate in these discussions.
希望全班同学都能参与这些讨论。
联想拓展
participant n. 参加者,参与的人
participation n. 参与；分享
易混辨析
participate in/attend/join/take part in/join in
participate in 正式用语，表示参加，参与。强调与他人共同参加某一活动，暗示以一种积极的态度参加。
attend 正式用语，一般用于指参加会议，出席典礼或招待会等，也可以指上学，听，听或讲座等。
join 常用词，作及物动词；通常指参加某组织或团体，并成为其中的一员，其宾语往往是the army/party/team/club等。
take part in 指参加群众性的活动，侧重说明主语参加该项活动并在其中发挥一定的作用。part 前若有修饰语，要用不定冠词。如take (an active) part in school/activities。
join in 参加正在进行的活动，其宾语一般是竞赛、娱乐、谈话、讨论、聚会、游戏等名词，可以用于join in (doing) sth./join sb. in (doing) sth. 结构中。
高手过招
(1)单项填空
The teacher is easy?going, and she often in the pupils’games. （2010•01•安徽淮北检测）
A. Participates B. acts
C. Joined D. took part
(2)用方框内所给单词或短语的适当形式填空 （原创）
join/join in/take part in/attend/participate in
①They all the plot.
②At the age of eighteen, he the party.
③The children the English Evening and had a good time.
④He didn’t school yesterday because of his illness.
⑤Zhou Enlai the student movements actively when he was at school.
(1)解析：选A。由时态可排除C，D两项；根据句意表示的是“参加一个活动”可知，答案选A。
(2)①participated in ②joined ③joined in ④attend ⑤took part in
4. privilege
n. 特权；特别待遇
vt. 给予……特权
常用结构：
enjoy privileges 享受特权
the privilege of doing sth./to do sth.有幸做某事
privilege sb. from ... 给某人特权使某人免于……
I hope to have the privilege of working with them again.
但愿有幸和他们再度合作。
联想拓展
privileged adj. 有特权的
be privileged to do sth. 荣幸地去做某事
We are privileged to welcome you as our speaker this evening.
我们荣幸地欢迎你今晚给我们做。
解析：选B。句意为：女士们，先生们，我非常荣幸地介绍今晚的演讲嘉宾。privilege of doing sth./to do sth.有幸做某事。
5. donate
v. 捐赠，赠送
常用结构：
donate sth. to sb. 向某人捐赠某物
She donated a large sum of money to the charity.
她捐了一大笔钱给那个慈善机构。
The van was donated to us by a local firm.
这辆货车是当地一家公司捐赠给我们的。
联想拓展
donation n. 捐赠；捐赠物；捐款
make/give/present a donation to sb. 捐赠给某人
send a donation to 把捐款寄至……
promise a donation 应允捐赠
高手过招
完成句子 （原创）
①He (捐赠)a million to the school.
②The rest of the money we get is (自捐赠).
答案：①donated ②from donations
6. purchase
vt.& n.买；购买; (以某种代价)换得；(经过努力)取得，赢得(常与with连用)
The new couple spent some money on the purchase of the furniture necessary for their new house.
这对新婚夫妇花费了一些钱购买新房子里必备的家具。
The farm was sold at ten years? purchase.
这农场以相当于十年土地收入的价钱售出。
常用结构：
made a purchase 买东西
leave sb.to his purchase 让某人自谋生路
live on one?s purchase 自谋生计，自找活路
purchase freedom with blood 以血的代价赢得自由
purchase and sale 买卖
高手过招
翻译句子 （原创）
①这是我前几天买的一东西。
②你不努力什么也不能得到。
③他给他的儿子一些钱买本。
答案： ①It is a recent purchase of mine/what I purchased the other day.
②You can’t get any purchase without efforts/purchase anything if you don’t make any effort.
③He gave his son some money for the purchase of／to purchase school books.
7. distribution
n.分配；分发 分布状态
At present, the distribution of profits cannot satisfy most of the people.
目前利润的分配未能满足大多数人。
联想拓展
distribute vt. 分配; 散布
distribute sth. To 把某物分配/分发给……
distribute sth. Among 在……分发某物
Before the opening ceremony of the super-market, some workers are sent to distribute handbills on the street.
超市开业前，一些工作人员被派去街上散发传单。
高手过招
翻译句子 （原创）
①幼儿园的老师正在给小朋友们派发礼物。
②救援物资的发放依然在讨论中。
答案：①The teacher in the kindergarten is distributing the gifts to the children.
②The distribution of the rescuing goods is under discussion.
重点短语
8. make any (a) difference to
对……有任何关系或影响；对……起作用
It makes a difference which you choose.
你选择哪一个，事关重大。
Your support will certainly make a difference in our cause.
你的支持当然会在我们的事业中发挥重要作用。
联想拓展
make no/a little/much/some difference
没有/有一点/有很大的/有一些差别
tell the difference between 说出……的差别
make a difference between 区分……
高手过招
单项填空
Does it any difference whether we leave at 9:00 or at 10:00? （2010•01•陕西西安检测）
A.Tell B. be C. give D. ake
解析：选D。句意为：我们是9点还是10点离开会有什么影响吗？make any difference 有……影响。
9. stick out (of sth.)
=stick sth. out of
伸出；突出
Don’t stick your arm out of the car windo
不要把胳膊伸出车窗外。
联想拓展
stick out for 坚持索取；坚决要求
stick at 坚持不懈
stick together 团结在一起；站在一起
stick to 坚持；忠于
stick up 向上突起；竖起
stick up for 支持；维护
高手过招
单项填空
Once you made a decision, you should it.
（2010•01•东济南模块检测）
A.stick out B. stick to C. persist in D. insist on
解析：选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意为：一旦你作出决定，你就应该坚持下去。stick to+ n./pron. 坚持；stick out 突出；坚持；persist in 固执己见； insist on doing sth. 坚持做某事。根据句意，选B。
重点句型
10. I know you’re dying to hear all about my life here, so I’ve included some photos which will help you picture the places I talk about.
我知道你急于了解我在这里的生活情况。我在信中附有几张照片，能够帮助你想像出我所谈到的地方。
be dying to do sth意为“极想做某事”。
All of them are dying to see the movie.
他们所有人都极想看那部电影。
联想拓展
be dying for sth. 极想得到某物
表示“渴望”的相关短语:
be thirsty for sth.
be eager to do sth.
desire to do sth.
have a strong desire for sth.
long to do sth./ for sth.
starve for sth.
have an urge to do sth.
be keen to do sth./ be keen on doing sth.
由动词die组成的短语：
die away逐渐消失
高手过招
单项填空
Smallpox, a kind of disease, has now died .
（2010•01•河北石家庄检测）
A. out B. away C. off D. Down
解析：选A。考查短语辨析。 die out 灭绝，消失;die away 渐息；die down 平息；die off (花、草)枯死。根据句意，选A。