逍遥右脑 2010-05-07 21:43
句子结构的需要
一、疑问句的倒装
1. 疑问句(包括一般与特殊)在直接引语中仍需倒装
1) A question often posed ［A］ about journalism is “How much freedom reporters should ［B］ have in interpreting ［C］ any given news item ［D］ ?”
2. 特殊疑问句在从句中为间接引语时不能倒装
He asked me where I wanted to go.
二、表示前一种也适用于后一种情况的倒装。
如果第一分句是肯定句，第二分句用so＋倒装结构，如果第一分句是否定句，则用neither, nor, no more
He can’t speak German, (and) neither can I. 他不会说德语，我也不会。
He had no friends nor acquantances, nor did he make any. 他没有朋友也没有相识，他也不交朋友。
You haven’t finished reading it, no more have I. 你没看完，我也一样(没看完)。
She is a bit nervous, (and) so am I. 她有点紧张，我也是。
三、虚拟结构中的倒装
在虚拟结构中的条件从句中，如果if被省略那么were, had或should要移至主语之前(could, might很少引导这样的倒装句)。(参见第三章“虚拟语气”第二节、5.)
四、有些让步状语从句需要倒装
Come what may, I will go there. 不管发生什么情况，我都要去。／Change your mind as you will, you will get no supplies. 即使你改变主意，你也不会得到供给品。
五、例题解析
1) B错。改为should reporters。
II强调的需要
一、“某些副词(短语)＋助动词＋主语＋谓语”的倒装结构
这些副词有(just)then, soon, often, only(in this way, then), so(＋形容词), especially, near(＋地点名词或短语), early(＋时间状语), in vain, many a time等等
1) So little about mathematics that the lecture was completely beyond me.
［A］ I know
［B］ I knew
［C］ do I know
［D］ did I know
2) a partial answer.
［A］ Will be found in this chapter
［B］ In this chapter found will be
［C］ In this chapter will be found
［D］ This chapter will be found in
3) So abundant and so prominent the material benefits of science are ［A］ that in the eyes of many ［B］ these seem to be the only ［C］ benefits which she brings ［D］ .
注意：上述有些词如only虽然位于句子的开头，但它们作形容词用不是修饰介词短语或状语从句，而是修饰名词或代词则句子不需倒装：Only he managed to pass the exam. 只有他设法通过了考试。