Lesson2《History Makers》教案

预习与检测

一，翻译以下短语：
1.以某人的观点_____（in one's opinion ）
2.为妇女权利而斗争______fight for the women's rights）
3.获得医学学位_______（receive a medical degree ）
4.开办一所医院_______（open a hospital）
5. 在某方面有经验_________（be experienced in ）
6.保护... 免遭..._______（ protect...from...）
7. 对...满意_______（be content with ）
8. 就...达成协议_______（agree on sth.）
9. 某人花时间/钱做某事_______（ sb spend time/money in doing sth）
10.常试做某事________（try doing sth.）
二，用所给的首字母填词
1. His father is an a______.which many young students desire in the sky.
答案： astronaut
2. Their houses were destroyed completely by floods last month, so they became h____.
答案：homeless
3. His uncle loved him very much, but u_____ he died last night.
答案：unfortunately
4. P______, TV is a very useful invention.
答案：Personally
5. They are s_____ for their rights.
答案：struggling

知识探究
一.重点单词
1．revolution n．
1)革命 ;(思维等的)变革
The invention caused a revolution in learning.
这项发明导致了学习上的革命.
2) 革命运动
The American Revolution gave independence to the Colonies.
美国独立战争使十三个州得到了独立。
3)革命性剧变,大变革 (+in)
The automobile caused a revolution in our way of traveling.
汽车使旅行的方式发生了根本性的变化。
拓展:
revolutionary adj／n．革命的; 重大变革的;革命者
revolutionize v. 使完全变革
运用：选择填空
Genetic engineering will have _____consequences for mankind.
A. revolution B. revolutionary C. revolutionize D. revolutions
答案： B 此处应该填形容词。“革命的”。
2．experience n．
　　［U］经验
　　He has no experience in teaching.
　　他在教书方面没有经验。
　　［C］经历
　　Please tell me about your experiences in Japan.
　　请告诉我你在日本的经历。
　　vt．经历，感受
　　We have experienced a lot of difficulties.
　　 我们经历了很多困难。
　　拓展：(1)experienced adj.有经验的，老练的
　　He is very experienced in teaching.
　　他在方面有经验。
(2) learn from experience 从经验中学习
(3) in one's experience 以某人的经验
(4) be experienced in 在某方面有经验
运用： 选择填空
(1)Jumping out of ____airplane at ten thousand feet is a quite _____ exciting experience.
A. /; the B. /; an C.an; an D.the; the
答案：C 空后的名词都是以元音开头的单词。
(2) Tom is experienced ____ repairing cars.
A. in B. on C.by D. with
答案： A be experienced in 在某方面有经验
3．continue
　　vt．You must continue your study.
　　你必须继续你的学习。
　　The girl continued to play／playing the piano.
　　那女孩继续弹钢琴。
　 vi. The weather continued cold.
　　天气持续寒冷。
　拓展：
(1） continuation n. 继续，持续
(2) continuous adj．连续的，不断的
(3) continuity n.连续性
(4)“ 继续做某事”的表达有：go on doing , keep (on) doing ,continue to do,
continue doing ,continue sth.
运用：选择填空
(1) After finishing the text, he ____ the exercise.
A. went on reading B. continued to read C. went on with reading D. kept on to read
答案：B A 与 C都是指做同一件事。没有D这种形式。
(2) I am sorry to keep you _____outside for such a long time.
A.to wait B.from waiting C.wait D.waiting
答案：D keep sb. from doing sth.为“阻止某人做某事”，
keep sb. doing sth.使某人一直处于什么状态。
4．protect vt．保护
　　We must protect the lives and property of the people.
　　我们必须保护人民的生命财产。
　拓展：
(1)protection n.保护 environmental protection 环境保护
(2) protect...from... 保护... 免遭...
Protect eyes from the sun.
保护眼睛不要让阳光照射。
运用：翻译下列句子
(1)他抬起胳臂护住脸以免受击打。
答案：He put up his arms to protect his face from the blow.
(2) 保护环境是我们的责任。
答案：Protecting environment is our duty.
5．view n．观点，见解；v.（尤其指出于兴趣） 观看，参观
　　His view of life is different from yours.
　　他对生活的见解与你的不一样。
Many people came to view the garden every year.
每年有很多人来参观这花园。
拓展：
(1) in one's view = in one's opinion
(2)in view of 由于，鉴于
(3) opinion和view比较
　　view 指个人的观点，看法，常常强调个人的成分。
　　opinion 泛指对事物的 看法或意见，适用于个人的判断或较权威的评论。
　　 I can't give an opinion till l have heard all the details.
　　我在听完所有的细节以后才能发表意见。
　　That is my view of life．那是我的人生观。
运用 ：选择填空
I didn't want to hurt you when I was expressing my _____ in our discussion.
A. thanks B.advices C.congratulations D.opinions
答案：D give /express one's opinions on 是对...发表意见
6．content n.
1)书籍、演说中的）内容，要旨
　　 I don't like the content of the book.
我不喜欢这本书的内容。
2)书的）目录
　　I glanced the over the contents of the book.
我把目录大体看了一遍。
3)成分
　　Apples have a high vitamin C content.
苹果富含维生素C。
4) 满意，满足
　　They live in peace and content.
　他们过着安宁而满足的生活。
拓展：(1) content adj．满足的，愿意的
(2) be content with对...满意
(3) be content to do sth. 乐意/甘愿做某事
(4) to one's heart's content 心满意足地，尽情地
(5) content oneself with 满足于
　　 We are not content with the achievements.
　　 我们不能满足于此成就。
　　 I am content to help him.
　　 我很高兴帮助他。
运用：选择填空
Beginners are expected to be familiar with the ____ of the reading material
before they come to the class.
A. condition B.concept C.contest D.content（2005年上海市春季高考题）
答案 ： D 课前所了解的应该是“内容”而不是“条件”或“比赛”。
7. found vt. 建立,创立, 创办
This business company was founded in 1724.
这家商业公司建立于1724年。
拓展：
found 的词形变化:
过去分词 founded； 现在分词 founding； 第三人称单数 founds。
find （发现），它的过去式和过去分词都是 found ,现在分词是finding,三单是finds。
运用：翻译下列句子
（1) 古罗马人在整个欧洲建立了殖民地( colony).
答案： The ancient Romans founded their colonies all over Europe.
（2)该居民点建立于1602年.
This settlement was founded in 1602.
（3）他们在一口井里找到了丢失的财宝。
答案：They found the lost treasure in a well.
（4） 我发觉退休后很难建立起新的生活规律( routine)。
答案：I found it difficult to establish a new routine after retirement.
8. equal adj. 相等的, 平等的, 胜任的
She feels equal to the task.
她认为能胜任该项工作。
Women demand equal pay for equal work.
妇女要求同工同酬。
拓展：
n. 对手, 匹敌, 同辈

He feels that they are his equals.
他觉得他们和他地位相等。
v. 等于, 比得上
None of us can equal her, either in beauty or as a dancer.
不管是容貌还是舞艺我们都比不上她。
词形变化:
副词:equally 动词过去式:equaled/equalled 过去分词:equaled/equalled 现在分词:equaling/equalling 第三人称单数:equals/equalls
运用：翻译下列句
（1） 她既然已升级，就和原先的上司平起平坐了。
答案：Now that she has been promoted she is on equal terms with her ex-boss.
（2） 他和我力气一样大.
答案： He's my equal in strength.
选择填空
（1） Tom _____ John in age.
A. is equal with B. is equal to C. equals to D. equals with
答案: B
（2）Boys and girls are born _____.
A. equal B.equally C.equals D.equality
答案：A equal 不是用来修饰动词，而是用来形容人的，说男女是平等的
（3）one plus one ___ two.
A. equal B. equals C. is equal D. equality
答案： B
9. struggle n.
1） 奋斗;斗争 (+for/against/with)
The struggle between the two teams was hard.
这两个队之间的斗争很艰苦。
2） 努力;使劲;挣扎 (+for)
3） 难事
拓展：vi.
1）奋斗;斗争 (+for/against/with)/( +to-v)
They struggled for peace.
他们为和平而战。
The old man has been struggling with illness.
这位老人一直在与病魔斗争。
2)努力;使劲;挣扎 (+for) /(+to-v)
She struggled to keep back the tears.
她努力忍住泪水。
The baby struggled in its mother's arms.
婴儿在母亲怀抱中挣扎。
3) 艰难地行进
The wounded soldier struggled in the forest.
受伤的士兵在森林中艰难地行进。
vt.
1) 费力搬动或放置
They struggled the heavy file cabinet into the elevator.
他们使劲把沉重的档案柜搬进电梯。
运用：翻译下列词组
1）与…进行抗争
答案：struggle with
2）挣扎着站起来
答案：struggle to one’s feet
3）为反对…作抗争
答案：struggle against:
4）为…努力或挣扎
答案：struggle for:
10. protest n.
1) 抗议,异议,反对[C][U]
The demonstration was a protest against the rise in tuition and fees.
此次示威是抗议学杂费上涨。
2)断言,声明
拓展：
protest vi.
抗议,反对 (+about/against/at)
Crowds of pacifists protested against the war.
成群的和平主义者抗议这场战争。
protest vt.
1）力言,断言,声明 (that)
The defendant protested that he had never been near the scene of the crime.
被告坚决声辩他从来没有在犯罪现场附近。
2）抗议,声明,对...提出异议,反对
Many people protested the budget cuts.
许多人反对预算削减。
运用：翻译下列句子
1）一大群人示威抗议暴力压制。
答案：A large crowd protested the terrorization.
2）她声明她是无辜的。
答案：She protests her innocence.
3）她坚决声明她不曾做过那件事。
答案：She protested that she had never done it.
二. 重点词组
1. agree with 后接某人 ，某人说的话，观点， 决定，意见，看法
I agree with you/ what you said.
我同意你讲的。
agree with 还可以表示食物，气候符合某人。
Beef doesn't agree with me.
我不适合吃牛肉。
拓展：
agree 是个重要的单词，常用的动词短语有：
(1)agree to sth 后接 plan ,arrangement , suggestion 表示同意某人的计划，建议或安排。
(2) agree to do sth. 同意做某事
(3)agree on sth.就...达成协议
(4)agreement n. 当可数名词表示“协议，协定”
reach /come to /arrive at an agreement 达成协议
(5)agreement 当比可数名词时表示“同意，一致” in agreement with 与…一致
I am quite agreement with your decision.
我完全同意你的决定。
运用：选择填空
（1）He has____ to help us.
A.accepted B.agreed C.allowed D.permitted
答案： B agree to do sth. 同意做某事
(2) We agreed _____ here but he hasn't appeared yet.
A. to meet B. meeting C. having met D. to have met
答案： A agree to do sth. 同意做某事 D 与句意相矛盾。
(3) She decided to move to another city, because ____ doesn't agree____.
A. the climate; with him B. the climate; to him
C. he; with the climate D. he; to the climate
答案： A agree with 可以表示食物，气候符合某人
2. try to do sth. 努力做某事
He is always trying to help the poor.
他总是努力帮助穷人。
拓展：
(1) try to do sth 强调动作，不表示成功与否
(2)manage to do sth.强调结果，“设法做成某事
(3) try doing sth. “常试做某事”
有些动词后可接to do sth.也可接doing sth.但含义不一样。如：
stop to do sth. 停下一件事去做另一件事
stop doing sth. 停止正在做的事
remember to do sth.记得去做某事
remember doing sth.记得已经做了某事
mean to do sth.打算做某事
mean doing sth.意味着做某事
regret to do sth.遗憾做某事
regret doing sth. 干了某事后悔
运用：选择填空
（1）She cannot stop ____ the house because she is busy making a meal.
A .cleaning B. to clean C. cleaned D. being cleaned
答案：B B 是作目的状语，A 是作宾语。
(2) -- You should have thanked him.
--I meant ____, but when I was leaving I couldn't find him.
A. to B. to do C. doing it D. doing
答案： A 不定式的省略回答，do 去掉而to要保留。
(3) --You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting yesterday.
--Well, now I regret ___ that.
A. to do B. having done C. to have done D. to be doing
答案：B regret doing sth. 干了某事后悔
3. go to prison 坐牢
They went to prison for stealing.
他们因为盗窃而坐牢。
拓展：
(1) send /take sb. to prison; throw /cast sb. into prison;
put sb. in /into prison 都可以表示“把某人投入监狱”这些词组表示动作。
(2) be in prison 在坐牢（表状态）
(3) come out of prison 出狱（表动作）
(4)be out of prison 出狱 （表状态）
有些名词前加冠词不加冠词意思区别很大。 加冠词表示“场所，地点”，不加表示与之相关的行为。
go to school上学 go to the school去这个学校
go to the church去教堂 go to church 去做礼拜
be in hospital 住院 be in the hospital 在医院里
运用：改错
(1) On Sundays, he always goes to the church.
答案：去掉 the go to church 意思为“去做礼拜”。
(2) Leaving school of his working for 15 years, he went to France for further study.
答案：school前加 the 表示特指。 leave school 意思为“毕业”。
三.重点句型
1. If possible, try to guess the answer.如果可能，设法猜出答案。
拓展： If possible为省略句，实际上是If it is possible。在时间，地点，条件，方式或让步状语从句中，
如果从句谓语动词是 be或 含有 be动词且主语又和主句的主语一致，或者从句的主语为 it，谓语动词是be，
常常把从句的主语和谓语动词be 省略。
If necessary, I will help you.
假如必要的话，我将帮你。
When it is completed, the museum will be open to the public next year.
来年博物馆竣工后将对公众开放。
运用： 选择填空
（1） He advised me not to say anything until ______.
A. asked B.ask C.be asked D. I asked
答案： A 完整的句子为until I was asked
(2) Unless ___ to speak,you should remain silent at the conference.
A. invited B.having invited C.being invited D.inviting
答案： A 完整的句子为until you are invited to speak,
2. 表示“花费”的句型
拓展：
(1)sb spend time/money in doing sth 某人花时间/钱做某事
sb spend time /money on sth某人在某事上花时间/钱
(2)It costs sb money to do sth 花费某人多少钱去做某事
sth cost sb money 某物花费某人多少钱
(3)做某事花时间
It takes sb time to do sth
sth take sb time
sb take time to do sth
(4) 做某事浪费时间/钱
sb wastes time /money in doing sth
sb wastes time /money on sth
运用： 翻译
我花了10元买了这本书。
答案：1. I spent 10 yuan on the book./
2. I spent 10 yuan in buying the book. /

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