2012届高考英语Unit 21单元知识考点导学案

2012届高考英语Unit 21单元知识考点导学案
Unit 21　Body language　身势语
核心词汇
1．To ____________(避免)the traffic jam in the city center，you can turn right here and take another way.
2．The girl’s beauty and rich knowledge soon made her the ____________(焦点)of attention.
3．A disastrous accident ____________(发生)on the road，causing three deaths.
4．She ____________(经营)the company while her father stayed away on business.
5．y son had done his work so badly that I couldn’t hold back my __________(愤怒)any more.
6．Only the people with ____________(具体的) knowledge know how to use the equipment properly.
7．If some athletes use drugs，it is __________(不公平的)for the others.
8．Watch out！The road __________(转弯)sharp to the right.
9．用vary的适当形式填空：
(1)Children can choose from among a ____________ of activities in this park.
(2)They arrived late for ____________ reasons，disappointing the host.
(3)Opinions on this matter ____________ from person to person.
10．We must ____________ remember that no building can stand without ____________ foundations，and neither can a marriage.(firm)
1.avoid 2.focus 3.occurred 4.managed 5.anger 6.specific 7.unfair 8.bends 9.（1）variety （2）various（3）vary 10.firmly firm
高频短语
1．_______________给某人帮助
2．_______________通过；度过；到达
3．_______________停放；依靠
4．_______________通过……向某人问候
5．_______________举起；拿起；举出
6．________________ (在空间或时间上比某人、物)更前；更早
7．________________ 按顺序，整齐
8．________________ 做鬼脸；扮怪相
9．________________ 弄倒某物；拆除某物
1.give/lend sb.a hand 2.get through 3.rest on 4.greet sb.with 5.hold up 6.ahead of 7.in order 8.make a face 9.tear down sth.
重点句式
1．And if we are _____________________，there is ________________ to see the smiling face of a good friend.
如果我们情绪低落或感到孤独，那么没有比看到好友的笑脸更好的了。
2．We can learn ____________ about what a person is thinking _____________________.
通过观察一个人的身势语，我们可以了解他或她的许多想法。
3．________ there are many different interpretations of our body language，some gestures seem to be universal.尽管对于身势语的解释五花八门，但某些手势语似乎是全球通用的。
4．What are ________________ we need to be very careful about our body language and gestures?
在什么样的场合我们需要注意我们的身势语和姿势呢？
1.feeling down or lonely;nothing better than 2.a lot;by watching his or her body language 3.While 4.some situations where
知识详解
1avoid　vt.　逃避；避免；回避
【教材原句】 (P58)avoiding eye contact 避免眼神交流
思维拓展
①(朗P116)We want to avoid disappointing our customers.
我们要避免使顾客失望。
②I avoided punishment/being punished by running away.
我逃走了，避免了惩罚。
思维拓展
后跟动名词作宾语的动词很多，可用下列方式记忆：
避免　错过　少延期(avoid　miss　put off/postpone)
建议　完成　多练习(suggest　finish　practise)
喜欢　想象　禁不住(enjoy　imagine　can’t help)
承认　否定　与嫉妒(admit　deny　envy)
逃避　冒险　莫原谅(escape　risk　excuse)
忍受　保持　不介意(stand　keep　mind)
③Faced with the financial crisis，none of us are willing to risk losing our jobs.面临这场金融危机，我们没有一个愿意去冒失去工作的危险。
即境活用
1．You can hardly ________ her since you both work in the same factory.
A．avoid to meet　　　B．not avoid meeting
C．avoid meeting D．not avoid to meet
解析：选C。avoid后面跟动名词作宾语，hardly本身就表示否定的含义，不需要再加上not。本句句意：由于你们在一家工厂上班，你几乎不可能避免遇上她。
2 manage　vt.& vi.　做成(某事)；管理；经营
【教材原句】 (P58)No，thanks.I can manage it myself.
不用了，谢谢。我自己能做。
(1)vt.经营，管理
①(牛津P1226)Don’t tell me how to manage my affairs.
用不着你告诉我怎样管我自己的事。
②It is not easy to manage such a large hotel.
管理这么一家大旅馆可不容易。
(2)vi.& vt.设法做好，想办法得到，常与can，could，be able to连用。
③But for your help，they couldn’t have managed it.
没有你们的帮助，他们是干不成的。
④(牛津P1226)In spite of his disappointment，he managed a weak smile.
尽管他很失望 ，他还是勉强露出一丝淡淡的微笑。
⑤The box was heavy，but he managed to carry it.
那箱子很重，但他仍能设法搬运。
比较网站
manage to do sth.，try to do sth.
(1)manage to do sth.意为“设法完成”，表示经过努力达到了目的。
⑥He managed to get the work done with very little help.
他在没有什么帮助的情况下，设法完成了工作。
(2)try to do sth.表示“尽力去做某事”，不包含是否成功的意思。
⑦He tried to climb the tree，but he failed.
他试图爬上这棵树，但失败了。
⑧He tried to get the work done with little help.
他尽量在没有什么帮助的情况下完成工作。(不知完成与否)
即境活用
2．He ________ to escape from the prison，but he couldn’t find anybody to help him.
A．succeeded　　　　B．attempted
C．advised D．managed
解析：选B。succeed后不接不定式作宾语；advise doing sth.建议做某事；manage to do sth.成功做成某事，与题意不符。
3.The earthquake survivor，who was an old lady of more than eighty，________ to live without food and water for nearly two weeks and was helped out in the end.
A．kept B．tried
C．managed D．succeeded
解析：选C。manage to do sth.设法成功地做成某事。
3crazy　adj.　疯狂的，着迷的
【教材原句】 (P59)The “crazy” gesture，moving the index finger in a circle in front of the ear，means “you have a phone call” in Brazil.
用食指在耳旁绕一圈的“神经病”手势在巴西意味着“有你的电话”。
①(朗P471)Dad’s going to go crazy when he hears I quit my job.爸爸要是听说我把工作辞了会气疯的。
②The young man worked like crazy so that he could forget the sadness of losing his close friend.
这年轻人发疯似地工作，以此忘记失去密友的痛苦。
③It is crazy of you to buy the car at such a high price.
居然花那么高的价钱去买这辆车，你真是疯了。
思维拓展
be/become/grow crazy about...对……狂热；热衷于……
like crazy 发疯似地；拼命地(作状语)
It is crazy of sb.to do sth.某人做某事真是疯了
go crazy 变疯了
即境活用
4．The girl is________about dancing.She believes she can become a good dancer some day.
A．crazy　　 B．fond　　
C．interested　　D．devoted
解析：选A。be crazy about对……狂热，热爱……，迷上……。
4occur　vi.　发生；出现；(某事)被想到；(某种想法)浮现在脑海中
【教材原句】 (P63)Put numbers next to all the things in the order they occur.
按照发生的顺序在这些事情的旁边加上号码。
思维拓展
①A creative idea occurred to him while he was walking in the park.在公园散步时他想到了一个创意。
(sth.)occur to sb.某人想起某事
It occurs to sb.to do sth.某人想起做某事
It occurs to sb.that... 某人想起某事
②(牛津P1377)It didn’t occur to her to ask for help.
她没想到请别人帮忙。
③It just occurred to me that I had left my umbrella in the classroom.我突然想起把伞忘在教室里了。
即境活用
5．完成句子
(1)今早醒时，我突然想到一个很棒的主意。
An excellent idea ________________ when I woke up this morning.
答案：occurred to me
(2)2010年1月发生在海地的大地震是历史上最可怕的自然灾害之一。
The strong earthquake that ________ in Haiti in January，2010，was one of the most terrible natural disasters in history.
答案：occurred
5focus　n．　(兴趣、活动等)中心；焦点
【教材原句】 (P63)Think about the purpose and focus of your story.考虑一下你的故事的目的和重点。
(1)v.集中(注意力，精力集中)
①They focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease.
他们关心的是保持土壤肥沃免受病害。
②The film helps people focus their attention on the living conditions of those living in the slums in India.这部电影帮助人们去关注生活在印度贫民窟中的人们的生活状况。
③All her energies are focused upon her children.
她全部精力都倾注到了孩子们身上。
(2)n.用心，焦点
④The unattended children in villages has been the main focus of attention by the media.
农村留守儿童已经成为媒体关注的焦点。
思维拓展
即境活用
6．Only by_______your attention ________ what you are learning can you learn it well.
A．focus；on B．pay；on
C．focusing；on D．paying；on
解析：选C。by为介词，后加v.?ing形式。排除A、B两项。句意：只有把精力集中在你学的东西上，你才能学好它。故选C项。focus...on...“把……集中在……上”。而pay attention与介词to连用。
6ahead of　在……之前；比别人做得好；提前
【教材原句】 (P58)Somebody is late for a flight and wants to go ahead of the queue.某人登机迟到了，想去队伍前面。
①(牛津P42)She was always well ahead of the rest of the class.她总是遥遥领先于班上的同学。
②You should make a plan for your study ahead of time.
你应该提前制定一个学习计划。
思维拓展
go ahead(with) 进行；开始；往下说；用吧；干吧
get ahead(of) 胜过，超过
be ahead(of) 占优势；可望取胜；领先；在前面
ahead of time 提前(in advance)
③—ay I use your pen？我可以用一下你的钢笔吗？
—Yes，go ahead.行，用吧。
④However，the government is planning to go ahead with the building next year.然而，政府却计划明年就着手建造。
即境活用
7．(2009年高考四川卷)—ay I open the window to let in some fresh air?
—________.
A．Come on! B．Take care!
C．Go ahead! D．Hold on!
解析：选C。句意：——我可以开窗进点新鲜空气吗？
——开吧？Go ahead“干吧，用吧”符合语境，故C项正确。
7get through　通过；度过；到达；完成；接通(电话)
【教材原句】 (P60)A smile can help us get through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers.一个微笑可以帮助我们渡过难关，还可以使我们在茫茫人海中找到朋友。
①(朗P868)I was so embarrassed，I don’t know how I got through the rest of dinner.
我觉得太尴尬了，不知道自己是怎么捱过晚餐剩下时间的。
②(朗P868)When she finally got through，the manager wasn’t there.
当她终于打通电话时，经理却不在那儿。
③The woman was so fat that she couldn’t get through the doorway.这女人胖得连门都通不过。
④They had got through most of the work before the manager came back.
在经理回之前他们已经把大部分工作都完成了。
思维拓展
⑤I was in a meeting and couldn’t find an excuse to get away.我正在开会，找不到脱身离开的理由。
即境活用
8．(2009年高考全国卷Ⅰ)I tried phoning her office，but I couldn’t ________.
A．get along B．get on
C．get to D．get through
解析：选D。考查动词搭配辨析。句意：我试着拨了她办公室电话，但是打不通。get along前进，进展；get on上(车、马等)；get to到达；get through打通电话。
8hold up　举起；拿起；阻滞；提出某人(事物)作为范例
【教材原句】 (P61)Holding up one’s head 抬起头
①The boy held the picture up so that we can see it clearly.
男孩将画举起以便我们都能看清楚。
②We were held up on our way to the airport in a traffic jam.
我们在前往机场的路上因为堵车而延误了。
③She is always holding up her children as models of behaviour.她总标榜自己的子女是良好品行的榜样。
思维拓展
④Could you hold on？I’ll just see if the manager’s in.
你不要挂断电话好吗？我去看一看经理在不在。
⑤The boss was unable to hold back his anger any longer.
老板再也抑制不住怒火了。
即境活用
9．—Is Peter there?
—______，please.I’ll see if I can find him for you.
A．Hold up B．Hold on
C．Hold out D．Hold off
解析：选B。考查词组辨析。答语的意思是“请稍等，我看能不能为你找到他”。此处hold on表示“别挂断，等一下”。
句型梳理
【教材原句】　(P60)And if we are feeling down or lonely，there is nothing better
than to see the smiling face of a good friend.如果我们情绪低落或感到孤独，那么没有什么比看到好友的笑脸更好的了。
【句法分析】 (1)There is nothing better than to do sth.是一句型，意为“没有比做某事再好的了，没有什么能强过……”。
①There is nothing better than to help yourself to a cold drink in hot summer.
没有什么强过在炎热的夏天喝杯冷饮料的了。
②There is nothing better than to have a walk with her.
没有什么比和她一起散步再好的了。
(2)down此处是形容词，意为“气馁的，沮丧的；虚弱的”。
③He is badly down；we’d better have a heart­to­heart talk with him.他情绪很不好，我们最好跟他谈谈心。
④He looks down.I think he must be tired.
他显得很虚弱，我想他准是太劳累了。
即境活用
10．When you are lost，there is nothing______than to stay where you are，waiting for help.
A．more　　 B．better　　
C．worse　　D．rather
解析：选B。There is nothing better than to do sth.是固定句式，意为“最好做某事；没有比……再好了。”句意为：当你迷路的时候，最好的方式就是待在原处不动，等待援助。


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