2012届高考英语Unit 1　Making a difference单元知识考点导学案

2012届高考英语顶尖学案：大纲版
Unit 1　aking a difference　有所作为
核心词汇
1．After a long ____________(争论)，the committee voted to knock down the old houses to build a school.
2．Joe’s plan sounds fine in ____________(理论)，but I wonder if it will work in practice.
3．It should be ____________(显而易见的)to everyone that we can’tfinish the work ahead of time without help.
4．I’m afraid this task is too difficult for me，I can’t___________(着手做)it.
5．This word is ____________(相似的) to that one；I can’t tell them apart.
6．She was ____________(使订婚) to that man but got married to this man.
7．Do they ____________(庆祝) Christmas in that country?
8．The expert has done a good deal of _____________(研究) on that subject.
9．All human beings are much more ____________ than animals，so when you are in trouble，use your ____________ and you are sure achieve anything.(intelligent)
10．As is known to us，Children are full of ____________.They are ____________ about everything around them.(curious)
1.debate　2.theory　3.obvious　4.undertake　5.similar 6.engaged　7.observe　8.research　9.intelligent　intelligence　10.curiosity　curious
高频短语
1．________________ 　　过去；走过
2．________________ 继续某种行为
3．________________ 梦想；梦到
4．________________ 结果(是)；证明(是)；原(是)
5．________________ 用完，用尽
6．________________ 倘使……将会怎样；
即使……又有什 么要紧
7．________________ 达到/实现某人的目标
8．________________ 与某人订婚
9．________________ 想出(、答复等)；提出
1.go by　2.go on with　3.dream of　4.turn out　5.use up　6.what if　7.reach one’s goal　8.get /be engaged to sb.　9e up with
重点句式
1．_______________________________________ on my PhD—I did not expect to survive that long.继续攻读我的博士学位看已经没有多大意义了——我没指望活那么久。
2．____________ let the disease stop him from living the kind of life he had always dreamt of.
他也不会让疾病阻止他过梦想的那种生活。
3．By asking why，how and ____________，curious minds find new ideas and solutions.有好奇心的人通过探询所以然，如何然，设想前因后果就可以获得新思想，找到解决问题的方案。
4．Everyone has his or her special skills and interests，and ______________________ what we do best____________________ to reach our goals and truly make a difference.
每个人都有自己的专长和兴趣，只有发现自己的专长，我们才能期望达到自己的目标，真正有所作为。
1.There did not seem much point in working　2.Nor did he　3.what if　4.only by discovering；can we hope
知识详解
1.undertake(undertook，undertaken)　vt.
【教材原句】(P1)It takes a very unusual mind to undertake analysis of the obvious.
分析明显存在的事物需要非凡的头脑。
(1)着手做，从事；承担(相当于 take up，be engaged in)
①I will undertake the responsibility for you.
我会为你承担起责任。
③(牛津P2197)He undertook to finish the job by Friday.
他答应星期五之前完成这一工作。
④She has undertaken that she would give us more help.
她已答应给予我们更多的帮助。
1．完成句子
(1)The company has announced that it will ________________________________________
(为这次事故承担责任)．
答案：undertake the responsibility for the accident
(2)已经进行了两项新研究以确定这些化学制品的作用。Two new ______________________ to determine the effects of the chemicals.
答案：studies have been undertaken
即境活用
2.debate
【教材原句】(P1)Practise describing people and debating
练习描写人物和辩论
(1)n. 辩论；争论
have a debate with sb.about sth.与某人辩论某事
be under debate 在讨论中
beyond debate 无可争辩
①(牛津P514)After a long debate，Congress approved the proposal.经过长时间辩论，国会通过了这项提议。
③We must debate the question with the rest of the members.
我们必须和其他会员讨论这个问题。
④They were debating whether to go to the mountains or to the seaside.
他们正在讨论要去上还是去海边。
2．They had a fierce__________as to whether their company should restart the trade relationship which was broken years ago.
A．debate　　　　　　　 B．clash
C．disagreement D．contest
即境活用
解析：选A。句意为：他们就公司是否应当恢复几年前中断了的这一贸易关系进行了一场激烈的争论。debate 争论，辩论，指持不同观点的各方据理力争，并最终作出决定。clash冲突，打斗，显然较为严重，disagreement 争执；不一致。
3.curious 　adj.　好奇的；好求知的；爱打听隐私的
【教材原句】 (P2)The scientist’s name is similar to the English word curious...
这个科学家的名字和英语单词curious 很相似……
be curious about sth.对……感到好奇
be curious to do sth.很想/渴望做某事
It is curious that... ……是奇怪的
①(朗P492)A few curious neighbours came out to see what was going on.一些好奇的邻居出看发生了什么事。
②I was curious to knohat would happen next.
我很好奇想知道接下会发生什么事。
③(朗P492)It is curious that so many people are interesting in something that happened over 20 years ago .
这么多人对20多年前发生的事情感兴趣，真是奇怪。
思维拓展
④She decided to call the stranger out of curiosity.
她出于好奇决定给那个陌生人打电话。
⑤Curiously enough，he seems to have known what we would do next.
说奇怪，他似乎已经知道我们下一步怎么做。
即境活用
3．The light was still on after midnight in the room.He was
________to knohat was happening in it.
A．strange　　　　　　　　B．curious
C．serious D．interesting
解析：选B。该句意为：半夜房间里的灯仍旧亮着，他想知道发生了什么事。
4.seek 　vt.& vi.　寻找；探索；追求
【教材原句】(P3)Since then，Hawking has continued to seek answers to questions about the nature of the universe.从那时起，霍金就一直在寻找有关宇宙本质的一些问题的答案。
①(牛津P1805)I think it’s time we sought legal advice.
我想我们现在该咨询一下律师了。
②(牛津P1805)She managed to calm him down and seek help from a neighbour.
她设法使他平静下，然后向一位邻居求助。
③I have no interest in my present job，so I am seeking for a new one.
我对目前的工作不感兴趣，所以我正在找一份新工作。
④He is seeking after wealth，power and position.
他追求财富、权势和地位。
4．In the early 1920s，thousands of people went to Australia to ____________their fortune.
A．seek　　　　　　　　　　B．take
C．develop D．undertake
即境活用
解析：选A。seek one’s fortune 是固定搭配，意为“外出闯荡，碰运气”。undertake 承担，担任，许诺，保证；develop 发展，发达，发扬，进步；take 拿，拿走，取走，抓住，占领，获
得，接受，领受等。均与fortune 不搭配。
5.—Really，I don’t know______to join the army or to find a job after my graduation.
—Why don’t you__________your parents’ advice? They will surely help you.
A．if；take B．whether；follow
C．if；give D．whether；seek
解析：选D。 if 一般不可直接与不定式连用，故排除A、C两项，follow one’s advice 表示“采纳某人的建议”；seek one’s advice 表示“征求某人的建议”。
5.observe 　vt.　观察；察觉到；遵守；庆祝(节日等)
【教材原句】(P4) First，they carefully observe what they are interested in.
首先他们仔细观察他们感兴趣的事情。
(1)留心到，看到，注意到，观察
①(牛津P1374)The police observed a man enter the bank.
警察注意到一个男子走进了银行。
②(牛津P1374)She observed that all the chairs were already occupied.
她发现所有的椅子都有人坐了。
(2)举行(仪式)；庆祝(节日)
③It is the custom for the Chinese to observe the Spring Festival.庆祝春节是中国人的习俗。
(3)遵守，遵循
④As a driver，you must observe the traffic rules.
作为一名司机，你必须遵守交通规则。
6．Though having lived abroad for years，many Chinese still________the traditional customs.
A．perform　　　　　 　B．possess
C．observe D．support
即境活用
解析：选C。句意：许多中国人尽管在国外居住了许多年，但仍奉行传统的习俗。perform执行，表演；possess拥有；observe遵守，奉行(习俗等)；support支持。由句意可知C项正确。
7.The young boy devoted lots of time________the stars at night，making him a famous astronomer years later.
A．to observe B．to observing
C．to watch D．to watching
解析：选B。本句旨在考查devote...to doing...结构，其中to为介词，其后接名词、代词或动名词，以及watch与observe的区别，observe强调实验或研究性的观察，而watch强调“注视地看”。
6.match 　vt.　和……相配；和……相称；使较量
vi.　相配；相称
n. 　比赛；火柴；对手；相匹配的人 或物
【教材原句】(P4)Finally，the scientists test the theory to see if it matches what they have seen and if it can predict future events.
最后，科学家们检验理论，看看是否与他们看到的相一致，是否能预测未的事情。
(1)vt.与……匹敌；比得上
①No one can match her in knowledge of classical music.
在古典音乐的知识方面没人能和她相匹敌。
(2)vt.& vi.适合，与……相配
②Her clothes don’t match her age.
她的服装和年龄不配。
(3)使……一致
③You didn’t match your words with deeds.
你的言行不一致。
(4)n.相匹配的人或物
be a/no match for... 是/不是……的对手
④I am no match for her when it comes to physics.
谈到物理，我不是她的对手。
match，fit，suit
(1)match多指大小、色彩、形状、性质等方面相合、不相上下、势均力敌。
⑤These colours don’t match.这些颜色不相配。
(2)fit指适合环境、条、目的、要求等(即某人某物具有在工作、用途上必须的品质)；同时fit也用于衣服、鞋帽等合身、合脚。
⑥These shoes fit me very well.
比较网站
这双鞋子我穿着大小正合适。
(3)suit一般指气候、食物、花色、款式、设计等适合某人。
⑦This climate doesn’t suit her.
这种气候不适合她。
⑧Rich food doesn’t suit my stomach.
油腻的食物不合我的胃口。
【高效记忆】
即境活用
8．Her shoes________her dress；they look very well together.
A．suit　　　　　　　　B．fit
C．compare D．match
解析：选D。句意：她的鞋和她的裙子很匹配，搭配得很好。本题考查一组近义词辨析。suit是指颜色、花样或款式等相配；fit是大小、尺寸等正合适；compare比较；match指两个东西相称、匹配。
9.—How about eight o’clock outside the cinema?
—That________me fine.
A．fits B．meets
C．satisfies D．suits
答案：D
7.turn out　结果(是)；证明(是)；原(是)；熄灭(煤气、电灯等)；生产；到场
【教材原句】(P4)Scientists，on the other hand，Hawking writes，know that their job is never finished and that even the best theory can turn out to be wrong.
霍金写道，从另一方面说，科学家知道他们的工作是永无止境的，即使最好的理论都有可能被证明是错误的。
②(牛津P2174)The job turned out to be harder than we thought.
这工作结果比我们想像的要难。
③It turned out that two passengers had been killed in the accident.后证实有两位乘客在事故中丧生。
(2)关(煤气，电灯等)
④Please turn out the gas when you finish cooking.
烧好饭菜后请把煤气关掉。
(3)生产，培养出；出
⑤We are to turn out more computers next year to meet the market requirements.
我们明年将生产更多的电脑以满足市场的需求。
⑥Tsing Hua University has turned out a great many excellent students.清华大学培养了许多优秀的学生。
思维拓展
⑦ She’s having a lot of trouble with the new computer，but she doesn’t knohom to turn to.
在新电脑方面她有许多困难，但是她不知道向谁求助。
⑧(牛津P2175)We arranged to meet at 7∶30，but she never turned up.我们约好7∶30碰头，但她根本没露面。
即境活用
10．We wanted to get home before dark，but it didn’t quite________as planned.
A．make out　　　　　　　 B．turn out
C．go on D．come up
解析：选B。make out理解，看出；turn out原(是)……，证明(是)……，结果(是)……；go on继续；come up长出，发芽，出现。由语境“我们原打算在天黑之前到家”可推测出，后面句子表达的是“事情发展并不像那样”，故用turn out。
句型梳理
1.【教材原句】 　(P3)(There did not seem) much point in working on my PhD—I did not expect to survive that long.
继续攻读我的博士学位看已经没有多大意义了——我没指望活那么久。
【句法分析】 句型There is no point in doing sth.表示“做某事没有作用或意义”。
①(朗P1568)There’s no point in paying rent on the apartment if you’re not going to live there.
如果你不打算在那儿住，付房租就没有任何意义了。
②There is not much point in arguing any further，he won’t change his mind.
再争论下去也没多大意义，他不会改变主意。
思维拓展
③There is no doubt that he is the best man for the job.
毫无疑问，他是这项工作最合适的人选。
④There is no need to worry about money.
没有必要担心钱。
即境活用
11．There is no ________in getting depressed about it now—it is no use crying over spilt milk.
A．reason B．purpose
C．point D．result
解析：选C。此题考查固定句式 。There is no point in doing sth.做……没有意义。
12.________for us to discuss the problem again.It has al?ready been settled.
A．It has no doubt B．There has no doubt
C．It is no need D．There is no need
解析：选D。There is no need to do sth.没必要做某事，后半句的already settled 提供了暗示。
2.【教材原句】　(P7)By asking why，how and what if，curious minds find new ideas and solutions.
有好奇心的人通过探询所以然，如何然，设想前因后果就可以获得新思想，找到解决问题的方案。
【句法分析】 what if倘使……将会怎样；即使……又有什么要紧
①(朗P2332)What if it rains tomorrow？Will we still have soccer practice?
明天要是下雨怎么办？我们还练足球吗？
②(朗P2332)What if we move the sofa over here？Would that look better？如果我们把沙发挪到这边怎么样？看起会不会更好一点？
what if还可以用表示“建议、邀请或要求”，从句中常用一般现在时或一般过去时。
思维拓展
③What if you join us for lunch?
跟我们一起吃午饭怎么样？
即境活用
13．—I don’t know it’s good to hang the drawing here.
—________I move it over there？Do you think it’ll look
better?
A．What about B．What if
C．How about D．What with
解析：选B。本题空格后为句子，所以需要有个连接词，what about与how about一样表示“……怎么样？”后接名词或动名词结构。what if后接句子表示“倘若……将会怎样？”。
14.—Have you heard of a person in Qingdao who won a million in the lottery ?
—A million！________we had won it.
A．What if B．Only if
C．What about D．If only
解析：选D。由句中had done 判断，这是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，而选项中只有D项后面的句子用虚拟语气。what if...如果……怎么办；if only 但愿，要是……就好了；what about……怎么样；only if 只要。



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