逍遥右脑 2018-09-26 15:43
一．听力部分
在高考说明中，关于听的部分要求如下：1. 理解归纳话语的主旨要义（主旨题）。2. 获取事实性信息（细节题）。3. 根据所获取的信息进行简单推断（推断题）。4. 理解说话者的意图、观点和态度（推断题）。5. 记录或加工所获取的信息（填空题）。
从今年高三整体情况来看，五项要求均有涉及，需要考生在正式听之前务必先看题目，看清楚题目所问的关键词（特殊疑问词，主语，谓语，宾语，状语）带着关键词去听，尤其是第一部分，由于只听一遍，所以对于学生捕捉信息的能力要求要高，如第5小题，问题中关键词是what was wrong 和woman’s watch（尤其注意是woman而不是man），听力材料中，女生说：What time is it now by your watch? I have 8:45. 男生说：Mine is half past eight. I set my watch by the radio this morning. 这里并没有直接说表的问题，而是需要学生把握住两个时间，然后分析出问题，对于听一遍来说，难度会高一些，所以学生务必需要学会预听。
此外，听力填空向来是扣分比较多的项，考生在此需要在平时积累：1. 常用的人名（通常会拼写、但如果是常用则不会）2. 月份，星期的拼写。3. 国家以及国籍的拼写。4. 听数字的练习。同时务必要注意格式：1. 每空只填1个词，多了不给分。2. 拼写错误不给分。3. 人名、国家、月份、星期首字母大写不给分。4. 如果号码前有字母，字母不大写扣0.5分。
本次高三期末这部分的要求则是这样，所以希望各位学生在以后的考试中务必要注意以上所提到的各项细则。
二．单选部分
今年单选整体上来说，难度与去年持平，题型仍然为这几年一直考察的知识点，主要为时态语态、三大从句、非谓语动词这三大模块，学生只要平时复习到，基本上问题不大，没有什么偏题、怪题。
21.C 考点：介词
22.C 考点：被动语态，上句中的现在完成时暗示事故发生的时间为过去时
23.A 考点：非谓语动词，build与前面名词the Subway Line 16是被动关系，结合句意，应为进行时，所以选择being built形式
24.A 考点：名词性从句中的表语从句，连接词做从句中want的宾语，而且没有“哪一个”的含义，所以选择what
25.B 考点：程度副词，句子中含有比较的含义，所以选择most
26.B 考点：非谓语动词，两个动词之间有先后顺序，而且动词和句子主语是被动关系，所以选择不定式的完成被动式
27.D 考点：状语从句，结合逻辑关系选择
28.A 考点：时态，then对于上句中的tomorrow morning，而且强调同时发生，故而选择将来进行时
29.C 考点：虚拟语气，结合主句谓语动词形式判断为对过去的虚拟，所以从句动词形式为had done
30.D 考点：名词性从句的宾语从句，结合句意为周末怎么样，所以选择how
31.C 考点：非谓语动词，run与前面名词doubts之间为逻辑上的的主动关系，故而选择running
32.B 考点：代词，one表示泛指，“一个”
33.D 考点：时态，考察现在完成时的基本用法
34.A 考点：定语从句，先行词the glorious moment在从句中做时间状语，所以选择when
35.B 考点：情态动词，结合句意选择should“应该”
三．完形部分
本篇完形通过讲述一个有精神疾病，不能长时间集中精力的人尝试拳击的故事，告诉我们任何人都有尝试的权利，这也正是区分平常人与伟大的人的关键，文章整体不是很难，但本文有一个词的用法不太常见，即go作为名词，表示“尝试”的含义，可以通过文章推测出来。
36.C 考点：动词固定搭配，lift up“举起，激励”，run up“向上跑，高涨”，warm up“热身”，go up“上涨”
37.B 考点：名词，catch one’s attention“抓住某人的注意力”
38.D 考点：动词词义，上下句联系
39.A 考点：名词，from a distance“从远处”
40.C 考点：副词，词义
41.C 考点：名词，对应43空后面
42.A 考点：动词，词义
43.B 考点：动词，上下文理解
44.D 考点：介词，词义
45.D 考点：连词，上下句的逻辑关系
46.A 考点：动词，上下文和词义
47.B 考点：动词，词义
48.C 考点：动词，上下文
49.A 考点：动词，
，词义
50.B 考点：名词，词义
51.B 考点：动词，词义
52.C 考点：名词，词义
53.D 考点：形容词，句子意义
54.A 考点：副词，词义和上下文
55.D 考点：动词，词义和文章整体理解
四．阅读部分
本次阅读整体难度不是很大，基本与去年持平，学生只要耐心，细致，问题应该不大。
A篇
文章讲述作者在有孩子之后对夏天的感情变化，开始是觉得烦躁和失望，后来开始转变思想，珍惜整个夏日生活。文章整体比较简单，没有过多生词。
56.B 复杂细节题，答案为第一段的综合概括
57.C 细节题，答案为第三段“... I decided to hug the last few days of summer ...”
58.C 推断题，答案从第二段和第四段结合选择
B篇
文章为说明文，说明一项研究，人随着年龄的增长，并不是健忘，而是会在某些方面更加好，因而会更加幸福。文章不是很难，题目也比较好做。
59.B 细节题，答案在第二段最后一句“... our brain hits its peak between our 40s and 60s...”
60.A 细节题，答案在第四段最后一句“... older people did better on tests of vocabulary, verbal memory and problem solving. ”
61.A 细节题，答案在文章最后一段
62.A 主旨题中的标题
C篇
文章为说明文，作者介绍了un-schedule（逆向日程表，把休闲、习惯、日常生活纳入日程表中,而不是安排什么时间做什么事）列举了它的好处并且建议大家可以使用它。
63. 推断题。第一句里面说到了制定un-schedule不仅能够让你能够考虑定时安排（例如课程以及会议）同时也能够考虑到那些非定时安排（例如吃饭、锻炼或者和朋友消遣的时光等等）这里和procrastinator（拖拉者）相反，所以能够推断出，拖拉者对于非定时活动会考虑不周。这里面的干扰项是B选项，原因文章里面提到了unrealistic，但要注意，文中的unrealistic的对象是只拖拉者对于时间的看法，而不是日常生活。所以B选项不选。
64. 细节题。文章中第四段提到It’s especially important that you build time for fun activities into your un-schedule. 从第三段You may think that you have “all semester” to get the writing done, but if you really map out how much time you have available to write on a daily and weekly basis, you will see that you need to get started sooner, rather than later. 从这段可以排除A、B、D
65. 细节题。推测作者的观点。作者在开头就提出Putting things off—big or small—is part of being human. But procrastination does have consequences. When your procrastination leaves you feeling discouraged, it is time to take action, and one of the best ways to get rid of it is to make an un-schedule. 作者在这里说了要想改变拖延，就可以开始制定un-schedule来抑制拖延，因此可以看出这个和无法准确管理时间有关。同时第四段，Perhaps, most importantly, the un-schedule can help you examine how you spend your time. 从most importantly也能看出作者认为最重要的是关于花费时间。因此选C项。
66. 主旨题。文章的目的，重点关注首段尾句，中间段首尾句和最后一段，首段尾句就提出了建议，中间在说好处，结尾进行总结。所以能够看出目的就是提出建议。因此选B
D篇
文章为议论文，主要讲解对于productivity（生产力）的追求正在逐步摧毁我们的性格。
61. 细节题
。第一段I am completely filled with thoughts of productivity. An hour sleeping is an hour wasted可以看出人们在给予完成更多的东西，选择D项。
62. 猜词题。从逻辑上来看，这句话的前面一句在讲从The pressure to succeed professionally 到age economy都成为了难以应付的压力，后面出现了关键词character，从刚才第一段我们能够看出character出于逐渐摧毁的情况，因此在这里应该也是减少了对于character的思考，因此选择B项。
63. 主旨题。最后一段的段意。第一句里面提到Brooks urges rediscovering our human natures through falling in love. And by love he means love for a task, job, or another person.这里面提到重塑人类天性的方法就是爱，而这里可以指对于一项任务、工作或者是另一个人的爱。这里要注意是针对一个，而不是很多个，所以选D
64. 主旨题。文章目的。首段尾句提出我们在逐渐摧毁character，中间段在描述如今的大学生缺乏character，最后一段说如何重塑character，因此能够看出文章的目的是让大家意识到性格塑造的意识。因此选择A项。B选项与目的相反，C选项未提。D选项提到了学生但并不是指学生对于成就的追逐。
七选五
本次七选五是一个说明文，讲解了购物中会出现的两种人，一种是“Maximizer”（喜欢平衡多种选择）一种是“Satisficers”（喜欢快准狠）
71. 代词指代法。空后明显出现了一个they，这里就要想they指代的对象是谁，从七个选项来看有可能是A或者E，这时候结合后面能看出这种人会直到看了所有的选择才会做决定，所以能够看出they指代的就是“Maximizes”因此选择A项
72. 空前提到一项调查，他们发现maximizers找到了更好的工作，空后面提到了他们无法衡量每种选择进而虽能做出最好的选择但结果都不好，因此这一个空起到一个过渡的作用，先说好再说不好，看七个选项，能够看出G项是最合适的。
73. 此空之前说maximizers的特征，空后开始说satisficers的特征，因此也起到一个过渡的作用，并且后面提到satisficers要比maximizers更快乐，看七个选项，能够看出E选项在说satisficers的好，并且句式结构和73前一句一致。因此选E项。
74. 空前一段表示接下来要举例说明了，后面的例子也说明了我们要先决定好一个确切的部分以及菜肴的类型，看七个选项，B选项提出了减少选择的范围，贴切此处，因此选B项
75. 空前有一个关键词decision，我们看选项C、D、F都提到了decision，但空前又说有了决定就要坚持住，因此不涉及到compare，也没有the other的事情。而D选项说了只需承认没有决定是完美的。因此不需要多想，贴合只需坚持的想法，因此选择D项。
五．作文部分
1.应用作文
本次应用作文仍未我们平时练习过的介绍信，介绍活动安排，只要大家平时练习过，写作时注意要点，交流性和词句的使用，问题不是很大，但需注意，本次字数要求有所提升，由原来的不少于50词提升至不少于60词。
审题，即审文字，确定：
文体：介绍信。
人称：采用第一人称we
时态：叙述接下来的活动安排，所以多采用一般将来时
结构：总分总
开头段：点题，说明写作目的，并注意交际性
中间段：介绍活动具体安排，注意叙事的时间顺序
结尾段：表达期待
2.情景作文：
本次故事的主人公仍然是我们熟悉的红星中学高三（1）班的李华，话题和13年的海淀一模相似（带领外国友人游览北京，体验文化）但是学生对于词汇的积累有一定要求。难度较大。
审题
1）审文字，确定：
文体：英语园地投稿：语言要求比较正式。
人称：自己的经历，但过程中也有多人参与，所以要注意人称的变化
时态：叙述个人经历：一般过去时；但可以多样化，如过去时态可以用：一般过去时，过去进行时，过去完成时，过去完成进行时，过去将来时等；抒发感受：一般现在时/一般过去时。
结构：总分总
开头段：点题，交待活动的背景包括时间、地点、任务、时间等（when，where，who，what）
中间段：描述活动过程，注意按图示顺序描写，注意分层处理图片，注意小段落结构：
总-分-总
结尾段：议论，包括解题，归纳、总结或思想提升
2）审图：确定：每幅图的
要点---必要细节---可添加细节
核心要点 必要细节 可添加细节
浏览南锣鼓巷 浏览南锣古巷 介绍南锣鼓巷（意义，值得浏览的地方）心情愉快，天气温暖
中午吃炸酱面 吃炸酱面，赞炸酱面 炸酱面的意义，心情快乐
滑冰 一起滑冰，牌子（注意安全，地点后海） 教滑冰的过程，心情紧张，快乐
购物 买礼物（剪纸、风筝、中国结） 礼物的意义，心情好奇（外国人）
注意：1. 南锣鼓巷（Nanlouguxiang）、炸酱面（fried sauce noodles）、剪纸（paper cut）、中国结（Chinese Knot），后海（Houhai）目前我们在宣扬传统文化，不仅在语文里面提到，英文里面也开始逐步渗透，所以考生需要对于一些传统文化的单词需要积累。
2. 图与图之间的过渡衔接，可以看出这是一天的活动，并且图片标出了数字，因此需要按着顺序来写。
3. 今年从20排调到了15排，所以要求我们学生写作语言表达更加精炼。细节添加一定要找到重点和亮点。
综上所述，本次期末考试整体难度与去年持平，内容上开始侧重对传统文化的考察，同时加大了对作文基础得分和语言凝练的要求（即提高基础字数），所以，为了帮助各位考生能够有针对性的迎接接下来的模拟考生和高考，结合本次期末考试，我们对2018年英语考试说明的英语部分进行如下解析，希望对各位考生能够有所帮助。
以下摘自2018考试说明
英语
2个词汇发生变化
与去年相比，2018年北京高考英语考试说明基本没有变化，预计整体难度与去年大致持平。
需要指出的是，考试说明中有2个词汇发生变化，考生应格外关注。其中，词汇“judgment”增加了“judgement”的拼写形式，“sow”增加了过去式与过去分词（sowed,sowed/sown）。
由以上我们不难看出，英语整体变化不大，只是2个词汇发生了变化，所以我们首先重点关注这两个词汇，但仍要重点复习考纲列出的3050基础词汇；
语法方面，仍然继续掌握三大主要模块（时态语态，非谓语动词和三大从句），兼顾部分小词的用法（介词、冠词、连词、形容词、副词等）；
完形阅读方面，一方面平时注意保证练习量，保持做题的感觉，积累素材，同时识记背诵相关的高频词汇；
作文方面，应用文注意四大基础类型的练习（介绍信，建议信、求职信、通知等），以及熟悉其他类型，如道歉信，投诉信等等；情景作文方面注意积累不同主题，不同场景的词句，注意语言的凝练和高级。相信只要各位同学在最后的这不到半年的时间里，坚持下去，一定会取得自己比较理想的结果！
海淀区高三年级第一学期期末练习英语试题
2018.1
21. My normal monthly emails to and ______ pen pals have disappeared with my tight schedule.
A. in B. for C. from D. through
22. - Have you heard about the shark attack accident at the SeaWorld show?
- Yea, how horrible! A trainer ______ in front of the audience.
A. had been killed B. has been killed C. was killed D. is killed
23. The Subway Line 16 ______ in Beijing is planned to open this year.
A. being built B. building C. built D. to build
24. This room isn’t actually ______ I wanted when I made my reservation.
A. what B. where C. which D. whether
25. My boss is very generous, and he is ______ generous when we get a big order.
A. very B. most C. only D. rath
er
26. The spread of the Ebola virus in Nigeria is believed ______ by August, 2018.
A. to be controlled B. to have been controlled C. to control D. to have controlled
27. We have an adviser on hand in this activity ______ you have any worries or problems.
A. when B. now that C. though D. in case
28. - Do I have to bring my camera tomorrow afternoon?
- I think so. We ______ the Botanical Garden then.
A. will be visiting B. are visiting C. have visited D. visit
29. - The zookeeper was really annoyed with me.
- How could he have been if you ______ stones at the animals?
A. didn’t throw B. don’t throw C. hadn’t thrown D. haven’t thrown
30. Every Monday, my English teacher would cheerfully ask me ______ my weekend had been.
A. that B. if C. what D. how
31. With doubts ______ through my mind, I felt it necessary to carry out a research.
A. to run B. run C. running D. having run
32. - You seem busy these days.
- Yes. I’m writing a story. You know, it’s really not easy to write ______ with attractive plots.
A. this B. one C. it D. that
33. According to the latest BBC news, a five-year-old boy from England ______ the youngest computer specialist in the world.
A. became B. becomes C. had become D. has become
34. The glorious moment would live in my mind ______ our football team won the championship.
A. when B. where C. that D. which
35. - Tom, why don’t we help our son work on his papers?
- We’ve already done more than we ______. He is on his own this time.
A. would B. should C. could D. might
完型填空 He Had a Go
It was a cool spring evening in Melbourne, Australia. I drove to my boxing gym for a Friday night training session. After ______ (36) up, I started training. Then I noticed a tall and slim young man walking through the doors. There was something about him that
caught my ______ (37).
Before long, I realized that he might have a mental illness. Having volunteered for mental illness support groups, I really ______ (38) his problems when I looked at him.
He paid for the session, put on a pair of gloves and then started hitting the punching bags. I watched him from a ______ (39) and wanted to help him to punch straighter and better. Then I felt it was best to leave that up to the trainer who was ______ (40) watching him.
After a few seconds of punching the bag, he stopped and started staring at the ______ (41). The trainer went up to him and ______ (42) to help him. It was almost like he woke up from a dream. He ______ (43) eye contact with the ceiling at once.
Then the bell rang and it was the end of the round. ______ (44) rounds we are required to do five pushups (俯卧撑), ______ (45) all the boys that were training that night did five pushups. He ______ (46) to complete his five pushups. The bell sounded aga in and the next round began. He punched the bags for a few seconds and then he ______ (47). This time he was staring at the walls which were decorated with boxing posters.
It was clear to me that he could not ______ (48) for long.
When I finished training, I decided to go up to him and offer him my help. I held the bag for him and asked him to punch. He ______ (49) the bag a few times and then stopped again.
I smiled at him and asked, “Do you like boxing?”
He replied with a very shy ______ (50) on his face, “Yes, boxing is alright.”
What else could I do than ______ (51) this man and his willingness to give it a go? Most people put self-imposed (自我强加的) ______ (52) on their lives and stop themselves from having a go. I kept thinking about this man while admiring him for even turning up to a boxing gym, let alone training at what appeared to be his ______ (53).
There are many lessons to learn from this man. What I ______ (54) admired about this man was that he had a
go! That is what ______ (55) ordinariness from greatness.
So what will you have a go at?
36. A. lifting B. running C. warming D. going
37. A. heart B. attention C. breath D. imagination
38. A. experienced B. mentioned C. overcame D. understood
39. A. distance B. box C. poster D. screen
40. A. still B. even C. also D. ever
41. A. bags B. walls C. ceiling D. trainer
42. A. offered B. promised C. seemed D. planned
43. A. made B. broke C. kept D. avoided
44. A. Before B. Through C. During D. Between
45. A. for B. but C. or D. so
46. A. struggled B. preferred C. refused D. decided
47. A. slowed B. stopped C. continued D. hesitated
48. A. stand B. stay C. concentrate D. remember
49. A. hit B. felt C. grasped D. watched
50. A. view B. look C. sight D. scene
51. A. accept B. appreciate C. motivate D. notice
52. A. targets B. burdens C. limitations D. minds
53. A. worst B. fullest C. greatest D. hardest
54. A. really B. hardly C. merely D. nearly
55. A. prevents B. protects C. transforms D. separates
阅读理解 A
Summer is slipping away from me. Some days, it makes me want to cry. Other days, I feel a sense of expectation within me just thinking about fall that makes me want to burst. Tonight, all five of us were in the family room doing our own things.
At this moment, my littlest kid is my number one trouble and my number one joy. He has a tooth on the way and although it’s such a tiny thing, it’s causing so much grief. I’m holding him a lot and I’m not going to lie. I live for his afternoon nap (小睡) so I’m able to actually get dressed and use the restroom.
The big E is starting school soon. The other day, I found myself a bit depressed about the end of summer and the beginning of another school year. I looked out of our front window with eyes that were heavy and a bit teary. Then, I suddenly realized just how si
lly this end of summer depression of mine is. I can’t change time. But, I can change my emotions and my thoughts. I decided not to spend my final days of summer vacation walking around with a sad face. I decided to hug the last few days of summer and remind myself that before I know it, we will be back in our school routine and all will go well.
This week we plan on meeting teachers. I’m taking my girl to have her nails done before her first day of kindergarten. We want to bake a few dozen cookies. We’ll take our evening walks as usual and stay up late. And last but not least, I’ll get school cloth ready, I’ll pack lunches and write lunch notes, we’ll read“The Kissing Hand,” like we normally do, and I’ll tuck (掖好被子) my third grader and kindergartener in their little beds before the big first day.
Thank you summer, you’ve been warm and wonderful, you’ve been sweet and sticky, you’ve been refreshing and exactly what we need. And your sunsets have been amazing, so thank you.
56. According to Paragraph 1, the author __________.
A. feels excited B. has mixed feelings C. feels worried D. has bad feelings
57. How will the author spend the final days of the summer vacation?
A. Live a simple life. B. Stay at home and relax herself. C. Treasure the vacation. D. Walk around with a depressed face.
58. From the passage, we can learn that the author __________.
A. is fond of reading novels B. has two annoying children C. often takes evening walks D. has no time to get dressed B
Ever walked to the shops only to find, once there, you’ve completely forgotten what you went for? Or struggled to remember the name of an old friend? For years we’ve accepted that a forgetful brain is as much a part of ageing as wrinkles and grey hair. But now a new book suggests that we’ve got it all wrong.
According to The Secret Life of the Grown-up Brain, by science writer Barbara Strauch, when it comes to the import
ant things, our brain s actually get better with age. In fact, she argues that some studies have found that our brain hits its peak between our 40s and 60s ? much later than previously thought.
Furthermore, rather than losing many brain cells as we age, we retain them, and even produce new ones well into middle age. For years it’s been assumed that brain, much like the body, declines with age. But the longest, largest study into what happens to people as they age suggests otherwise.
This continuing r esearch has followed 6,000 people since 1956, testing them every seven years. It has found that on average, participants performed better on cognitive (认 知的) tests in their 40s and 50s than they had done in their 20s. Specifically, order people did better on tests of vocabulary, verbal memory (how many words you can remember) and problem solving.
Where they performed less well was number ability and perceptual speed ? how fast you can push a button when ordered. However, with more complex tasks such as problem-solving and language, we are at our best at middle age and beyond. In short, researchers are now coming up with scientific proof that we do get wiser with age.
Neuroscientists are also finding that we are happier with ageing. A recent US study found older people were much better at controlling and balancing their emotions. It is thought that when we’re younger we need to focus more on the negative aspects of life in order to learn about the possible dangers in the world, but as we get older we’ve learned our lessons and are sub-consciously aware that we have less time left in life: therefore, it becomes more important for us to be happy.
59. Barbara Strauch probably agrees that __________.
A. the young are better at handling important things B. people’s brains work best between their 40s and 60s
C. ageing leads to the decline of the function of the brain D. wrinkles and grey hair are the only symbols of a
geing
60. The continuing research has found older people perform better on __________.
A. vocabulary tests B. number ability C. perceptual speed D. body balance
61. People are happier with age because __________.
A. they learn to value the time left B. they know how to share feelings
C. they cannot focus on negative aspects D. they do not realize the possible dangers
62. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. People get wiser with age. B. People get more forgetful with age.
C. People get happier with age. D. People get more self-aware with age.
C
Everyone procrastinates. We put things off because we don’t want to do them, or because we have too many other things on our plates. Putting things off ? big or small ? is part of being human. But procrastination does have consequences. When your procrastination leaves you feeling discouraged, it is time to take action, and one of the best ways to get rid of it is to make an un-scheduled.