高中英语：“情态动词+have+过去分词”的用法

1. can/could/may/might have + done sth，表示过去，推测过去时间里可能发生过的事情。

Philip can/could/may/might have been hurt seriously in the car accident.

菲利普在车祸中可能/也许受了严重的伤。

2. must have +done sth，对过去时间里可能发生过的事情的推测，语气较强，意为”肯定/一定做过某事“。

?Linda has gone to work, but her bicycle is still here.

琳达已经去上班了，但是她的自行车还在这里。

?She must have gone by bus.

她一定是乘公交车去的。

3. should/ought to have done sth，本应该做某事，而事实上并没有做。否定句表示"不该做某事而做了"。

You ought to/should have been more careful in this experiment.

你在试验中本应该更小心的。(实际上没有)

He ought not to have thrown the old clothes away.

他本不该扔掉旧衣服的。(实际上扔了)

注意：ought to 在语气上比should 要强。

4. needn't have done sth，本没必要做某事却做了。

I dressed very warmly for the trip, but I needn't have done so. The weather was hot.

我为了这次旅行穿得很暖和。但是我本没必要这样做的，天气很热。

5. would like to have done sth，过去本想做某事而没做。

I would like to have read the article, but I was very busy then.

我本想阅读这篇文章的，但是那个时候我太忙了。


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